The injunction to constant joy and prayer and to thanksgiving in every circumstance is characteristic of Paul (cf. 3:9 f.). The fact, however, that he notes, as in 4:3, that this exhortation is God’s will makes probable that the special circumstances of persecution from without and friction within are here in mind as in vv. 14–15. In adding that this will of God operates in Christ Jesus, he designates that will as distinctively Christian, the will of the indwelling
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